case report of cavernous sinus embolisation for CCF with an overview of treatment options

Carotid-cavernous fistulas [CCFs] are a subtype of intracranial arteriovenous fistulas with symptoms ranging from none to devastating intracranial hemorrhage. This article reviews the two main types of CCFs, the symptomatology, the different drainage patterns and the currently available treatment options. We follow that by a case report of a spontaneous CCF treated successfully by trans-arterial coil embolisation